Urine Infection - Symptoms and Treatment

Infections can occur anywhere in the urinary tract, i.e. kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder or urethra. Most commonly the lower urinary tract is affected: urinary bladder (cystitis) or urethra (urethritis). Infections can be bacterial (most common), viral, fungal or polymicrobial.

(kindly insert picture from net about urinary tract n infection site)

What are symptoms of UTI?

Some people are asymptomatic and urine infection is detected on urine test. Others may develop or present with one or more of the following symptoms:

Increased frequency of voiding urine,
Urgent need to urinate, often with only a few drops of urine to pass
A burning feeling during micturition
Pain in lower abdomen or feeling pressure
Cloudy or blood-tinged urine
Strong odour to the urine If the infection spreads to the kidneys and becomes more serious, you may also have:
pain in the lower back
fever and chills
nausea, vomiting and low appetite
decrease in urine output

What tests are done to diagnose urine infection?

Diagnosis begins with medical history taking followed by clinical examination and blood and urine tests called as urinalysis. If need arises, as in suspected upper urinary tract infections, imaging may be needed in form of ultrasound &/or CT scan.

How are UTIs treated?

UTIs are treated with antimicrobial agents e.g. antibiotics, antifungal etc. Most common urine infections are caused by bacterial pathogens. Antibiotics are medicines that destroy bacteria and stop it from growing. The course of antibiotics may vary depending upon the clinical status, mostly for one or two weeks. This helps make sure the infection has been cured. Also it is important to maintain urogenital hygiene and stay hydrated.

Can anything be done to help prevent UTIs?

The following steps may help in preventing UTI:

Drink plenty of fluids and stay hydrated.
Do not postpone going to the bathroom. Urinate when you feel the urge.
Wipe from front to back to prevent bacteria from the bowels (intestines) from getting into the urinary tract.
Wash the genital area every day and before having intercourse
Empty your bladder before and after having intercourse